Mixing and measuring apparatus.



No. 831,247. PATENTED 351 118, 1906,

I R. 0. SMITH. MIXING AND MEASURING APPARATUS.

APPLIGATION FILED MAY 16, 1906- 2 SHEETSSHEBT 1.

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PATENTED SEPT. 18, 1906. A

R. 0. SMITH.

MIXING AND MEASURING APPARATUS. APPLICATION FILED MAY 16, 1906.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

MIXING AND MEASURING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 18, 1906.

Application filed May 16,1906. Serial No] 317,110.

To aZZ whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, ROBERT C. SMITH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Oak Park, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a certain new and useful Improvement in Mixing and MeasuringApparatus, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exactdescription, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming apart of this specification.

My invention relates to apparatus for mixing and combining fluids and isparticularly adapted for use in the chemical treatment of water, as inprocesses of softening or purification.

In the chemical treatment of water to remove scale-forming matter it isvery often desirable to treat the water by steps-that is, to add onechemical to the water and thoroughly mix the same, then subject thispartiallytreated water to another chemical treatment to remove otherscale-forming or objectionable matter still in the water. For example, awater containing both the carbonates and sulfates of lime and magnesiacan be treated first with lime to remove the carbonates of lime andmagnesia, (soft incrustants,) and to the water freed of the carbonatesof lime and magnesia soda-ash can be added to remove the sulfates oflime and magnesia (hard incrustants) and the same thoroughly agitated.

By this method the highest economy in chemical treatment of water can beobtained, as direct chemical reactions take place. If lime and soda-ashare added simultaneously to the hard water under treatment, lime andsoda-ash, having an aflinity for each other, react to form caustic sodaand carbonate of lime. Carbonate of lime is absolutely inert chemicallyand is just so much foreign matter added to the water. austic soda is.the reacting element and undergoes chemical transformation. It willreadily be seen that chemical energy is wasted, as indirect chemicalreactions take place in removing the scale-forming matter from thewater. Now if lime can be added directly to the water to combine withthe carbonic oxid holding the carbonates of lime and magnesia insolution and the carbonates of lime and magnesia are therefore thrownout of solution the sodaash can react directly on the sulfates of limeand magnesia and precipitate the lime and magnesia as insolublecarbonates.

In accordance with my invention the necessary chemicals are added to thewater as it In such a machine it is addition of suitable chemicals Iprovide a tilting vessel through which the raw water passes and whichserves automatically to measure the water passing through the apparatus.The tilting vessel in turn controls the addition of the chemicals tomaintain the proper proportion of admixture.

In accordance with my invention lime is added to and thoroughly mixedwith the water in the tilting vessel and the carbonates of lime andmagnesia are precipitated. This water having been freed from thecarbonates of lime and magnesia is discharged from the tilting vesseland the soda-ash is added during this discharge to react on the sulfatesof lime and magnesia to convert them into the carbonates of lime andmagnesia, in which form they are precipitated. My invention providesmechanism for separately adding these chemicals and for rapidly andthoroughly mixing them in the water to be treated.

My invention will be readily understood by reference to the accompanyingdrawings, in which- Y Figure 1 is a side elevation of the machineembodying my invention, certain parts being shown in cross-section inorder to more clearly illustrate the interior construction; and Fig. 2is a crosssectional view taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, parts being brokenaway to illustrate the details of construction.

In both the figures like characters of reference apply to like parts.

The apparatus shown in the drawings is frequently mounted at the top ofa settling tank or reservoir, and the beams 10 10 may be understood asresting upon the platform at the top of such a tank and supporting theapparatus of my invention. Two of the cross-beams support adischarge-vat 11, in which the tilting vessel 12 is mounted to swingupon the pivotal support 13, the motion of the tilting vessel beinglimited by the spring-stops 14 and 15. The raw water to be treated isdelivered through the rawwater-inlet pipe 16, the center of which isplaced directly above the center of the'pivotalsupports 13 13, asindicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 2. The pipe 17 conveys the treatedwater from the vat 11 to the settlingthe tilting vessel through thespout 21 and 1 a down stroke of both of the pumps.

the hopper 22. The pump 23 pumps a solution -of soda-ash from the tank19 and delivers it through the outlet 24 in a manner which will be morefully described. The pump-rod of the pump 20 is connected, as shown,with a crank 25, mounted upon a rock-shaft 26. This rock-shaft carriesalso a crank 27 ,havinga T-slot, as indicated by dotted lines, wherebythe position of the crank-pin 28 may be varied to regulate the length ofthe stroke of the pump-rod of the pump 23. By this means it is possibleto vary the stroke of one pump relative to that of the other. Therock-shaft 26 is operated by means of a sprocket-wheel 29 and asprocket-chain 30 engaging the teeth of the sprocket-wheel and connectedat either end by the link chains 31 and 32 with the ends of the tiltingvessel 12. It is to be noted that, as shown in the drawings, the chainfor operating the rock-shaft is slack and the amount of slack in thechain can be regulated at the points of attachment to the tiltingvessel.

uitable bearings 33 and 34 carrya shaft 35, on which the stirringpaddles or blades 3636 are mounted. The bevel-gears 37 and 38 cause arotation of the stirring-blades whenever the rock-shaft is rotated.

The operation of this embodiment of my invention may be described asfollows: Assuming the tilting vessel to be in position shown in Fig; 2,raw water runs from the in let-pipe 16 into the upper hopper of thetilting vessel, filling this hopper to such an extent that the center ofgravity of the tilting vessel is shifted to the right of the pivotalsupport, whereupon the tilting vessel oscillates toward the right with aconsequent discharge of the water from the tilting vessel into the vat11. This movement of the tilting vessel will cause a clockwise rotationof the rock-shaft 26, this causing in turn an up and The upstroke of theump 23 will discharge a quantity of the so a-ash solution through theoutlet-pipe 24 to the three-way controllingvalve 39. The movement of thetilting vessel actuates the reversing-lever 40, whose fulcrum is pivotedto the side of the vat at 41,

and the forked end of this reversing-lever engaging the crank-arm 42will shift the controlling-valve 39 so that the soda-ash delivered fromthe outlet-pipe 24 will pass through v the three-way valve to thedelivery-tube 43,

this delivery-tube leading from the controlling-valve to a point in thevat 11 just opposite the lace at which the water is discharged f fom theright-hand compartment of the tilting vessel, this position of thetilting vessel being indicated in the dotted lines of Fig. 2. The waterdischarging from this righthand compartment of the tilting vessel mixeswith the soda-ash solution delivered by the tube 43, and the rush ofwater thoroughly and rapidly mixes the soda-ash solution throughout thevolume of the water. The discharge of the hopperful of water causes aconsiderable agitation within the vat 11, so that by the time the waterleaves the vat 11 by way of the pipe 17 the mixture of the soda-ashsolution with the water which is to be treated is quite thorough. Thissame movement of the tilting vessel to the right causes also an up and adown stroke of the pump 20, the mixture of lime and water dischargedfrom the spout 21 entering the left-hand compartment of the tiltingvessel, which then assumes the upper position directly beneath the spout21 and the rawwater-inlet pipe 16. The raw water discharging into theleft-hand hopper causes a thorough agitation of the water in the hopper,

thereby mixing it thoroughly with the lime discharged from the spout 21.When the left-hand compartment of the tilting vessel is filled, (theright-hand compartment having discharged itself,) the vessel willoscillate back into the position shown in the full lines in Fig. 2. Thetreatment within the hoppers of the tilting vessel removes thecarbonates of lime and magnesia, as I have already described, and thewater discharged from the left hand compartment being freed from thesecarbonates is mixed with a solution of soda-ash supplied from thedelivery-tube 44 due to the shifting of the three-way valve 39. Themovement of the tilting vessel toward the left actuates the reversingmechanism to close communicationbetween the outlet-pipe 24 and the tube43 and to open communication by way of the delivery-tube 44, as shown inthe full lines of Fig. 2. The actuation of the pumps takes place asbefore, causing the soda-ash solution to be delivered by the pump 23 andthe line mixture to be delivered by the pump 20 to the right-hand hopperof the tilting vessel, which now again assumes the upper position shownin the full lines of Fig. 2. The raw water discharging into therighthand compartment is of course mixed with its quota of lime mixturewhile subjected to violent agitation in the hopper of the tiltingvessel, and upon its discharge from this hopper the admixture of thesoda-ash solution takes place, as before. This cycle of opera tions isrepeated indefinitely, serving at all times to thoroughly mix with eachhopperful of water a given quantity of the lime mixture and subsequentlywith a given quantity of soda-ash solution.

The chemical characteristics of the water to be treated i. e., theamount and character of the impurities-determines the amount of each ofthe chemicals which must be added to each hopperful of water in orderthat complete treatment may take place, but without waste of materials.By varying the strength of the solutions or mixtures in the supplytanksthe proportions of the chemicals may be varied to meet the requirementsof the water to be treated; but my invention provides means also wherebyany raw water may be treated with a given mixture of lime and water andwith a given solution of sodaash. This can be accomplished on account ofadjustments with which my apparatus is provided. The amount of limemixture delivered by the pump 20 is controlled by the length of thechains 31 and 32 and may be varied as desired The adjustment-of thispump having been accomplished to add the proper amount of lime mixture,the length of the stroke of the pump may be varied by shifting theposition of the crank-pin 28 in the slot of the crank 27, whereby theaddition of the correct amount of soda-ash may be obtained. No matterwhat the adjustments of these pumps may be the length of the cranks onthe rock-shaft 26 determines the stroke of the pumps. These pumps,therefore, are positive in their action and serve accurately to measurethe quantities of chemicals added to each hopperful of water passingthrough the tilting vessel. Not only are the pumps positive in theiraction, but since each pump has a complete upstroke and a completedownstroke with each movement of the tilting vessel a flow of thechemicalsthrough the pumps is sufliciently rapid to preventsedimentation to injuriously affect the proper operation of thepump-valves,

While I have herein shown and described a preferred embodiment of myinvention, many modifications will occur to those skilled in the art,and I do not, therefore, enter into a detailed description of them; Thescope of my invention is not to be limited, however, to the details ofthe apparatus herein set forth; but,

Having described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure byLetters Patent 1. In a device of the class described, the combinationwith a tilting vessel, of a rawwater-inlet pipe discharging alternatelyinto the two compartments of said tilting vessel to actuate said vessel,a pump operated by the movements of the tilting vessel and discharginginto said tilting vessel, and a second pump operated by the movements ofthe tilting vessel and discharging into the fluid during its deliveryfrom the tilting vessel.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination with adischarge-vat, of a tilting vessel pivotally mounted therein, araw-water-inlet pipe discharging alternately into the two compartmentsof the tilting vessel to cause an oscillation thereof, a lime-tank, apump to'pump liquid from said lime-tank and to discharge it into saidtilting vessel, mechanism connecting said tilting vessel with saidpumpand serving to cause an up and a down stroke of said pump with eachmovement of the tilting vessel, a soda-ash tank, a second pump pumpingliquid from the soda-ash tank, mechanism connecting said pump with thetilting vessel and causing an up and a down stroke of said pump for eachmovement of the tilting vessel, two discharge-tubes, one leading fromthe second pump to a point adjacent to the place of discharge from onecompartment of the tilting vessel and the other leading from said pumpto a point adjacent to the place of discharge from the other compartmentof the tilting vessel, and valve mechanism controlled by the tiltingvessel for alternately opening a passage-way through one tube andclosing the passageway through the other with each movement of thetilting vessel.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tiltingvessel through which the water under treatment is passed, of meanscontrolled by the movements of the tilting vessel to discharge onechemical into the tilting vessel, and means controlled by the movementsof the tilting vessel to dis charge another chemical into the fluid uponits delivery from the tilting vessel.

4. In a device of the class described, the combination with achemical-supply tank, of a tilting vessel, a raw-water-inlet pipedischarging alternately into the two compartments of said tiltingvessel, and a measuringpump for pumping chemical fluid from saidsupply-tank and delivering the chemical to the place of delivery fromsaid tilting vessel.

5. In a device of the class described, the combination with achemical-supply tank, of a tilting vessel, a raw-water-inlet pipedischarging alternately into the two compartments of said tiltingvessel, a measuringpump for pumping chemical fluid from said supply-tankand delivering the chemical to the place of delivery from said tiltingvessel, and mechanism connecting said tilting vessel with said pumpto'cause a complete up-anddown stroke of said pump in unison with eachsingle oscillation of said tilting vessel.

6. In a device of the class described, the

combination with a tilting vessel having two compartments, of araw-water-inlet pipe dis-v charging into the two compartments of saidtilting vessel alternately, a lime tank, a measuring-pump for pumpingfluid from said lime-tank and delivering it to said tilting vessel, arock-shaft, a crank on said rock-shaft connected with the pump-rod ofsaid pump, gearing connecting the tilting vessel mechanically with saidrock-shaft, the ratio and adjustment of said gearin being such as tocause an upstroke of .sai -pump-rod in unison with each singleoscillation of the tilt' I measuring-pump for pumping fluid from saidlime-tank and delivering it to said tilting vessel, a rock-shaft, acrank on said rock-shaft connected with the pump-rod of said pump,gearing connecting the tilting vessel mechanically with said rock-shaft,the ratio and adjustment of said gearing being such as to cause anupstroke of said pump-rod in unison with each single oscillation of thetilting vessel, a soda-ash tank, a measuring-pump for pumping fluid fromsaid soda-ash tank and delivering it to a point adjacent to the place ofdischarge from said tilting vessel, a second crank on said rock-shaftconnected with the pump-rod of the second pump, and means for adjustingthe stroke of the second pump independently of that of the first of saidpumps.

8. In a device of the class described, the combination with adischarge-vat, of a tilting vessel pivotally mounted therein, achemicalsup ly tank, a (pump for pumping fluid from sai tank andelivering it directly into said discharge vat, and mechanism connectingsaid tilting vessel with said pump, the ratio of gearing being such asto cause an upstroke of said pump in unison with each single oscillationof said tilting vessel.

9. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tiltingvessel, of a rawwater-inlet pipe discharging into said tilting vessel, asource of chemical supply, an means controlled by the movements of saidtilting vessel to deliver a predetermined quantity of the chemical to apoint adjacent to the place of discharge from the tilting vessel wherebythe quantity of chemical is determined by the movements of the tiltingvessel.

10. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tiltingvessel, of a rawwater-inlet pipe discharging into said tilting vessel,mechanism controlled by the movements of the .tilting vessel forsupplying one chemical to the raw water before it leaves the tiltingvessel, and mechanism controlled by the movements of the tilting vesselfor supplying another chemical to the water after it leaves the tiltingvessel.

11. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tiltingvessel, means for supplying raw water to said tilting vessel, a

rock-shaft geared to said tilting vessel, two

chemical-supply tanks, a pump for each chemical-supply tank, thepump-rods of said pumps being actuated by suitable cranks on saidrock-shaft, and means for adjusting the length of one of saidcrank-arms.

12. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tiltingvessel, means for supplying raw water to said tilting vessel, arock-shaft geared to said tilting vessel, two chemicahsupply tanks, apump for each chemical-supply tank, the pump-rods of said pumps beingactuated by suitable cranks on said rock-shaft, and means for adjustingthe ratio of the strokes of said pumps.

13. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tiltingvessel, of a rawwater-inlet pipe discharging into said tilting vessel, achemical-supply tank, a pump associated with said chemical-supply tank,mechanism connecting said tilting vessel with said pump wherebyactuation of the pump is controlled by the movements of the tiltingvessel, a delivery-tube leading from said pump to each of the places ofdischarge from said tilting vessel, and valve mechanism controlled bythe tilting vessel for alternately opening and closing the passage-waythrough each of said delivery-tubes.

14. In a device of the class described, the combination with adischarge-vat, of a pivotally-mounted tilting vessel in said vat, araw-water-inlet pipe discharging alternately into the two compartmentsof said tilting vessel, a rock-shaft, mechanism connecting said tiltingvessel with said rock-shaft, a lime-tank, a pump associated with thelimetank, a crank on the rock-shaft for actuating said pump, stirringmechanism in the limetank geared to the rock-shaft, a soda-ash tank, asoda-ash pump, an adjustable crank on said rock-shaft for actuating thesoda-ash pump, two delivery-tubes leading from said soda-ash pump, oneto each of the places of discharge from the tilting vessel, means foradjusting the degree of rotation of the rockshaft relative to that ofthe tilting vessel, and valve mechanism controlled by the movements ofthe tilting vessel for alternately closing the passage-way through onedelivery-tube and opening that through the other delivery-tube in unisonwith each movement of the tilting vessel.

15. In a device of the class described, the combination with a tiltingvessel having two compartments, of a raw-water-inlet pipe discharginginto the two compartments of said tilting vessel alternately, a tank forchemical fluid, a measuring-pump for pumping chemical fluid from saidtank and delivering it to said tilting vessel, a rock-shaft, a crank onsaid rock-shaft connected with the pump-rod of said pump, gearingconnecting said tilting vessel mechanically with said rock-shaft, theratio and adjustment of said gearing being such as to cause an upwardstroke of said ical from said second source of supply to the pump-rod inunison with each single oscillaplaces of discharge from the tiltingvessel. 10 tion of said tilting vessel, means for adjust- In Witnesswhereof I hereunto subscribe ing the ratio of gearing between saidtilting my name this 14th day of May, A. D. 1906. vessel and saidpump-rod, a second source of ROBERT 0. SMITH. chemical supply, and meanscontrolled by Witnesses:

the movements of said tilting vessel for de- LEONARD W. NOVANDERJlivering a predetermined quantity of cheml ARTHUR H. BOETTOHER.

